Tom Garlinghouse is a journalist specializing in general science stories. He has a Ph.D. in archaeology from the University of California, Davis, and was a practicing archaeologist prior to receiving his MA in science journalism from the University of California, Santa Cruz. His work has appeared in an eclectic array of print and online publications, including the Monterey Herald, the San Jose Mercury News, History Today, Sapiens.org, Science.com, Current World Archaeology and many others. He is also a novelist whose first novel Mind Fields, was recently published by Open-Books.com.
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30 amazing women in science and mathFrom the first woman to win a Nobel Prize to the discoverer of jumping genes, here are some of the women who have made major contributions to science and mathematics.
By Tom Garlinghouse Last updated
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Who were the Scythians?Reference The Scythians were an important ancient society of warriors and pastoralists who dominated the steppe land north of the Black Sea between 800 B.C. and A.D. 300.
By Tom Garlinghouse Last updated
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Hernán Cortés: Conqueror of the AztecsHernán Cortés was a Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire in the early 16th century.
By Jessie Szalay Last updated
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Who were the Picts, the early inhabitants of Scotland?Reference The Picts were a people of Celtic origin who lived in parts of Scotland from about the fourth century A.D. to the early Middle Ages.
By Tom Garlinghouse Last updated
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The Aztec civilization: Mexico's last great Indigenous empireThe Aztec Empire flourished in the Valley of Mexico between A.D. 1325 and 1519 and was the last great civilization before the arrival of the Spanish in the early 16th century.
By Tom Garlinghouse Published
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The Buddha: History, meditation, religion and imagesSiddhartha Gautama, better known as the Buddha, was a spiritual teacher who lived during the fifth and sixth centuries B.C. in India and founded the Buddhist religion.
By Tom Garlinghouse Last updated
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Is the Red Sea really red?The Red Sea takes its name from periodic blooms of a blue-green algae called Trichodesmium erythraeum, which turn the normally vivid blue waters a reddish-brown.
By Tom Garlinghouse Last updated
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Why are manhole covers round?There are a myriad of answers to the question, "why are manhole covers round?" But most of them have to do with functionality and economy.
By Tom Garlinghouse Last updated
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Who were the ancient Persians?Reference The Persians, originally a semi-nomadic people from central Asia, settled on the Iranian plateau and founded the Achaemenid Empire.
By Tom Garlinghouse Last updated
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What was the Indus Valley Civilization?Reference The Indus Valley Civilization — famous for its large, well-planned cities — is considered one of the six early pristine state-level civilizations.
By Tom Garlinghouse Published
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The rise and fall of the Great Library of AlexandriaReference The Great Library of Alexandria in Egypt was the most important repository of knowledge in the ancient world.
By Tom Garlinghouse Published
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Freemasons: History, facts and mythsReference Freemasons are often misunderstood as cult members or religious zealots, but they are actually part of the world's largest fraternal organization
By Tom Garlinghouse Published
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Burial of infant 'Neve' could be oldest of its kind in EuropeAn infant burial discovered in the Italian Alps sheds light on how the hunter-gatherers of Europe dealt with issues of personhood and status 10,000 years ago.
By Tom Garlinghouse Published
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Ötzi the Iceman: The famous frozen mummyReference Ötzi the Iceman, a 5,300-year-old man whose mummified remains were dug out of an Italian glacier in the Alps, has fascinated the public since his discovery in 1991.
By Tom Garlinghouse Published
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Who was the first person to write about the British Isles?In the fourth century B.C., a little-known Greek mariner visited the British Isles. When he returned, he wrote a book about his travels, called "On the Ocean," which was read for centuries.
By Tom Garlinghouse Published
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The most beautiful places in the worldOur list of 10 of the most beautiful places in the world covers an array of natural landscapes, cities, islands and cultural sites.
By Tom Garlinghouse Published
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The international date line, explainedThe international date line is a concept often fraught with misunderstanding and confusion. But it plays an important role in our lives and a central role in timekeeping.
By Tom Garlinghouse Published
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Who was Carl Linnaeus?Carl Linnaeus, the famous 18th century Swedish botanist, created the basic foundation on which the modern binomial classification system is based.
By Tom Garlinghouse Published
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Mummification: The lost art of embalming the deadMummification, or the process of preserving the dead, was once a widespread practice among many ancient societies.
By Tom Garlinghouse Published

