Livescience Livescience
Sign in
  • View Profile
  • Sign out
  • Animals
    • Aquatic animals
      • Fish
      • Sharks
      • Mollusks
      • Octopuses
      • Squids
    • Reptiles, amphibians, insects and arachnids
      • Reptiles
      • Snakes
      • Turtles and tortoises
      • Lizards
      • Amphibians
      • Alligators and crocodiles
      • Spiders and other arachnids
      • Insects
    • Mammals
      • Bears
      • Cats
      • Dogs
      • Elephants
      • Primates
      • Dolphins
      • Orcas
      • Whales
    • Birds
    • Extinct species
      • Dinosaurs
      • Mammoths
  • Archaeology
    • Human evolution
      • Neanderthals
    • Regions
      • The Americas
      • Ancient China
      • Middle East
    • Cultures
      • Romans
      • Vikings
      • Ancient Egyptians
  • Health
    • The human body
      • Aging
      • Allergies
      • Anatomy
      • Exercise
      • Food and drink
      • Genetics
      • Heart and circulation
      • Immune system
      • Medicine and drugs
      • Neuroscience
      • Reproductive health
      • Sex
      • Sleep
      • Surgery
    • Viruses, infections and disease
      • Alzheimer's and dementia
      • Bacterial and fungal infections
      • Cancer
      • Coronavirus
      • Flu
      • HIV
    • Human behavior
      • Arts and entertainment
      • Conspiracies and paranormal
      • Education
      • Psychology
    • Mathematics
    • Particle physics
    • Quantum physics
    • Chemistry
  • Planet Earth
    • Earth science
      • Earthquakes
      • Volcanoes
      • Weather
      • Geology
    • Climate change
      • Fossil fuels
      • Nuclear energy
      • Renewable energy
      • Antarctica
      • Arctic
    • Nature
      • Plants
      • Rivers and oceans
      • Evolution
  • Space
    • Astronomy
      • Asteroids
      • Black holes
      • Comets
      • Cosmology
      • Meteoroids
      • Exoplanets
    • The solar system
      • The sun
      • The moon
      • Mercury
      • Venus
      • Mars
      • Jupiter
      • Saturn
      • Uranus
      • Pluto
    • Space exploration
      • Extraterrestrial life
      • Stargazing
      • NASA
      • Space photo of the week
  • Technology
    • Artificial intelligence
    • Communications
    • Computing
    • Mixed reality
    • Quantum computing
    • Electric vehicles
    • Engineering
    • Electronic engineering
    • Robotics
    • Products
      • Health and fitness
      • Optics
      • STEM toys and games
      • Tech and gadgets
    • By type
      • News
      • Features
      • Opinion
      • Interviews
    • More
      • About us
      • Newsletters
      • Follow us
      • Archive
  • Home
  • Animals
    • View Animals
    • Aquatic animals
      • View Aquatic animals
      • Fish
      • Sharks
      • Mollusks
      • Octopuses
      • Squids
      • Reptiles
      • Snakes
      • Turtles and tortoises
      • Lizards
      • Amphibians
      • Alligators and crocodiles
      • Spiders and other arachnids
      • Insects
      • Bears
      • Cats
      • Dogs
      • Elephants
      • Primates
      • Dolphins
      • Orcas
      • Whales
    • Birds
    • Extinct species
      • View Extinct species
      • Dinosaurs
      • Mammoths
  • Archaeology
    • View Archaeology
    • Human evolution
      • View Human evolution
      • Neanderthals
      • The Americas
      • Ancient China
      • Middle East
      • Romans
      • Vikings
      • Ancient Egyptians
  • Health
    • View Health
      • Aging
      • Allergies
      • Anatomy
      • Exercise
      • Food and drink
      • Genetics
      • Heart and circulation
      • Immune system
      • Medicine and drugs
      • Neuroscience
      • Reproductive health
      • Sex
      • Sleep
      • Surgery
      • Alzheimer's and dementia
      • Bacterial and fungal infections
      • Cancer
      • Coronavirus
      • Flu
      • HIV
    • Human behavior
      • View Human behavior
      • Arts and entertainment
      • Conspiracies and paranormal
      • Education
      • Psychology
    • Mathematics
    • Particle physics
    • Quantum physics
    • Chemistry
  • Planet Earth
    • View Planet Earth
      • Earthquakes
      • Volcanoes
      • Weather
      • Geology
    • Climate change
      • View Climate change
      • Fossil fuels
      • Nuclear energy
      • Renewable energy
      • Antarctica
      • Arctic
      • Plants
      • Rivers and oceans
      • Evolution
  • Space
    • View Space
    • Astronomy
      • View Astronomy
      • Asteroids
      • Black holes
      • Comets
      • Cosmology
      • Meteoroids
      • Exoplanets
    • The solar system
      • View The solar system
      • The sun
      • The moon
      • Mercury
      • Venus
      • Mars
      • Jupiter
      • Saturn
      • Uranus
      • Pluto
    • Space exploration
      • View Space exploration
      • Extraterrestrial life
      • Stargazing
      • NASA
      • Space photo of the week
  • Technology
    • View Technology
    • Artificial intelligence
    • Communications
    • Computing
    • Mixed reality
    • Quantum computing
    • Electric vehicles
    • Engineering
    • Electronic engineering
    • Robotics
    • Products
      • View Products
      • Health and fitness
      • Optics
      • STEM toys and games
      • Tech and gadgets
      • News
      • Features
      • Opinion
      • Interviews
      • About us
      • Newsletters
      • Follow us
      • Archive
  • Sign up for our newsletters Newsletter
  • RSS
    Trending
    • Climate change solutions
    • New cat species named
    • Astronomy Photographer of the Year
    • AI "the great disappointment"
    • Harvest Moon

    When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works.

    Sam Clark

    Sam Clark

    Sam Clark is a journalist based in London in the United Kingdom, who covers stories about fitness, sport and health, as well as the less heart-raising worlds of business and law. His sporting passions include running, cycling and squash. Sam has a bachelor’s degree in history and a master’s degree in multimedia journalism from the University of Kent.

    Which muscles are used when cycling? image shows cyclist
    Which muscles are used when cycling?

    REFERENCE Knowing which muscles are used when cycling can help you achieve the maximum benefits from your rides.

    REFERENCE
    • How to do a squat with resistance bands: Image shows woman squatting with resistance band
      How to do a squat with resistance bands

      Reference Ever wondered how to do a squat with resistance bands? We talk to the experts

      By Sarah Finley Published 3 February 22

      Reference
    • Resistance bands leg workout ideas: image shows woman squatting with resistance band
      Resistance bands leg workout ideas: Tone up with these four simple moves

      Reference Here are four resistance bands leg workout ideas that can help with strength training, especially at home.

      By Sam Clark Published 10 January 22

      Reference
    • Low impact workouts: Man crossing river using stepping stones
      5 low impact workouts for everyday fitness

      Reference Here are 5 low impact workouts to boost your fitness with a lower risk of injury.

      By Sam Clark Published 4 November 21

      Reference
    Useful links
    Feed your curiosity
    • Life's Little Mysteries
    • Earth from space
    • Diagnostic dilemmas
    • Astonishing artifacts
    Grow your knowledge
    • Jaw-dropping James Webb Space Telescope images
    • Amazing women in science and math
    • Explore the periodic table of elements
    • Uncanny facial reconstructions from history
    Science in your life
    • Science quizzes and games
    • Beginner's guide to wildlife photography
    • The best telescopes for spotting stars and planets
    • Mind-blowing science facts
    Ls Logo

    Live Science is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Visit our corporate site.

    Add as a preferred source on Google Add as a preferred source on Google
    • Accessibility Statement
    • Contact Future's experts
    • About Us
    • Terms and conditions
    • Privacy policy
    • Cookies policy
    • Advertise with us
    • Web notifications
    • Careers
    • Editorial standards
    • How to pitch a story to us

    © Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036.

    Please login or signup to comment

    Please wait...