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Science news this week includes a perilous expedition to an uninhabited island in the South Atlantic to find the world's 8th lava lake, and a chunk of the moon appears to be orbiting near Earth.
(Image credit: National Geographic/Renan Ozturk - Addy Graham/University of Arizona))
This week in science news, we followed an expedition to the bottom of the world in search of a lava lake, tracked a mysterious chunk of the moon orbiting Earth and discovered something horrifying hiding in someone's ear canal.
Although we know much about the surface of our planet, there is still plenty to be discovered, and it takes brave souls and daring adventures to locate and confirm these never-before-seen features. That's what one set of researchers did when they visited Mount Michael, a volcano on Saunders Island near Antarctica, where they completed a perilous ascent to confirm the existence of something that was previously only theory — the world's eighth lava lake.
The Antarctic was also home to more alarming news this week, with the discovery of highly pathogenic bird flu that could threaten penguin colonies, and reports of the "unavoidable" collapse of the West Antarctic ice sheet.
The origin of an asteroid discovered in 2016 that is closely orbiting Earth has been baffling scientists, but a new study suggests it could be a chunk of our nearest neighbor, the moon (which itself could be a lot older than we previously thought). Another thing orbiting too close for comfort is space junk, and a new study suggests it could be changing Earth's upper atmosphere in ways we don't fully understand.
Finally, it wouldn't be the spookiest time of the year without a little horror —the "little" thing in this case being a spider, and the horror is, well, see for yourself… if you dare!
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NASA's Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft captured this image of an enormous X-class solar flare as it erupted from the sun on Oct. 28, 2003. The monstrous solar storm is one of the largest in recorded history.
(Image credit: NASA/SOHO)
This ghoulishly green image shows a solar flare exploding on the sun's surface, taken on Oct. 28, 2003. During the spooky season of 2003, the sun spat out an unusually powerful series of solar flares, known as the "Halloween solar storms." The most powerful of these flares, an X-class flare, exploded from a sunspot wider than 13 Earths and launched a high-speed burst of electrically charged particles, called a coronal mass ejection (CME), that smashed into Earth the next day.
The resulting CME temporarily knocked out half of the satellites orbiting Earth at the time and forced astronauts on the International Space Station to take cover from the radiation. On Earth, the resulting geomagnetic storm raged for three days, creating temporary radio blackouts across large parts of the planet and causing permanent damage to electrical infrastructure in some places.
Experts say the superpowered storm could have been the largest since the Carrington Event in 1859, but if that wasn't spooky enough, the sun's upcoming period of peak activity, the solar maximum, looks set to be the strongest in decades.
It's the season of creepy pumpkin carvings, terrifying trick-or-treating and ghoulish ghost stories, but let's not let science get in the way of something supernatural. Here are some of our frightful favorites for spooky season.
An artist's illustration shows how an electrostatic tractor beam could be used to pull defunct satellites out of geostationary orbit around Earth. In reality, the beam would be invisible.
With the commercial space industry booming, the number of satellites in Earth's orbit is forecast to rise sharply. This bonanza of new satellites will eventually wear out and turn the space around Earth into a giant junkyard of debris that could smash into working spacecraft, plummet to Earth, pollute our atmosphere with metals and obscure our view of the cosmos. If left unchecked, the growing space junk problem could hobble the booming space exploration industry, experts warn.
So what is the solution to this high-stakes problem? Something straight out of science-fiction — tractor beams.
Alexander McNamara is the Editor-in-Chief at Live Science, and has more than 15 years’ experience in publishing at digital titles. In 2024 he was shortlisted for Editor of the Year at the Association of British Science Writers awards for his work at Live Science. He has previously worked at New Scientist and BBC Science Focus.
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