polar ice math 1

polar ice math 1

Credit: Don Perovich

Melt ponds on the surface of Arctic sea ice in August of 2005.

polar ice math 2

polar ice math 2

Credit: Ken Golden

Penguins in a light snowfall, Antarctica, 2012.

polar ice math 3

polar ice math 3

Credit: Hajo Eicken

X-ray tomographic image of the brine phase in sea ice.

polar ice math 4

polar ice math 4

Credit: Ken Golden

Cindy Furse and Joyce Lin getting ready to core sea ice in the Ross Sea, 2012.

polar ice math 5

polar ice math 5

Credit: David Lubbers

Ken Golden coring Antarctic sea ice with the Australian icebreaker Aurora Australis in the background, 2012.

polar ice math 6

polar ice math 6

Credit: Karen Frey

Melt ponds on the surface of Arctic sea ice.

polar ice math 7

polar ice math 7

Credit: Photo taken by Adam Gully during the Sea Ice Physics and Ecosystem eXperiment (SIPEX), September 2007.

Dr. Golden taking a sea ice core in Antarctica, with the icebreaker Aurora Australis in the background.

polar ice math 8

polar ice math 8

Credit: Photo taken by Jan Lieser during the Sea Ice Physics and Ecosystem eXperiment (SIPEX), September 2007.

Professor Golden measuring how quickly water rises in a hole drilled partially through the sea ice, to determine its fluid permeability.

polar ice math 9

polar ice math 9

Credit: Ken Golden

Three penguins on their bellies sliding their way toward an opening in Antarctic sea ice, 2012.

polar ice math 10

polar ice math 10

Credit: Ken Golden

Twin penguins standing watch over their sea ice.