Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that produces reproductive cells, such as plant and fungal spores, sperm and egg cells.

Photosynthesis is the process used by plants, algae and certain bacteria to harness energy from sunlight into chemical energy.

Mitosis is a method of cell division in which a cell divides and produces identical copies of itself.

CRISPR technology is a simple yet powerful tool for editing genomes. It allows researchers to easily alter DNA sequences and modify gene function.

Biofilms are slimy layers of microorganisms that stick to wet surfaces. They may cause up to 80 percent of infections.

Introducing human cells into other organisms is a useful research tool. However, there are ethical considerations.

Paramecia are single-celled protists that are naturally found in aquatic habitats.

A lichen is a composite organism consisting of a fungus and an alga functioning in a symbiotic relationship.

The term “amoeba” refers to simple eukaryotic organisms that move in a characteristic crawling fashion.

Protists are generally microscopic organisms — most with a single cell — that are not bacteria, animals, plants or fungi.

Fungi make up a whole kingdom of living organisms, from mushrooms to mold to yeast.

Mutations are alterations to a DNA sequence. They can cause diseases and conditions, but they are also tools in evolution.

Viruses are microscopic parasites that lack the capacity to thrive and reproduce outside of a host body.

Mitochondria are specialized cellular structures that power various functions.