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Who was the last Neanderthal?
By Kristina Killgrove published
We don't know when the last Neanderthal died, but many archaeologists think some of the last lineages lived in southern Iberia.

Did we kill the Neanderthals? New research may finally answer an age-old question.
By Kristina Killgrove published
Feature A complex picture of how Neanderthals died out, and the role that modern humans played in their disappearance, is emerging.

DNA of 'Thorin,' one of the last Neanderthals, finally sequenced, revealing inbreeding and 50,000 years of genetic isolation
By Kristina Killgrove published
Thorin — nicknamed after a dwarf in J. R. R. Tolkien's "The Hobbit" — is also called the "last Neanderthal" because he may have lived as recently as 42,000 years ago.

Homo floresiensis: Facts about the 'hobbit'
By Joseph Castro last updated
Homo floresiensis, a diminutive hominin dubbed the hobbit, lived about 50,000 years ago on a remote Indonesian island.

Human origins tied to ancient jawless blood-sucking fish
By Patrick Pester published
Researchers have traced cell origins critical to vertebrate evolution by studying a group of primitive, bloodsucking fish called lampreys.

Why did Homo sapiens outlast all other human species?
By Mindy Weisberger published
What's the secret to Homo sapiens' success as a species?

Neanderthals didn't truly go extinct, but were rather absorbed into the modern human population, DNA study suggests
By Charles Q. Choi published
Modern human DNA may have made up a surprisingly large amount of the Neanderthal genome, a new study finds.

Neanderthals cared for 6-year-old with Down syndrome, fossil find reveals
By Laura Geggel published
The unique shape of an ear bone belonging to a Neanderthal child found in a cave in Spain suggests that she had Down syndrome.
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