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Giant ice sheet towers over Scottish city like the Wall in 'Game of Thrones' in stunning video reconstruction
Scotland used to be under an ice sheet more than 3,200 feet thick.
A stunning new video shows the giant ice sheet that molded the Scottish landscape during the last ice age, and it looks like something out of "Game of Thrones."
The film recreates how the 0.6-mile-thick (1 kilometer) glacier would have looked atop the modern-day city of Dundee. The glacier looms over the city like the "Game of Thrones" series' immense ice Wall towers over the stronghold Castle Black.
Kieran Duncan, a lecturer in communication design at the University of Dundee in Scotland, created the video with Max Van Wyk de Vries, a glaciologist at the University of Minnesota. They included the 571-foot-tall (174 meters) Dundee Law hill, a local Dundee landmark about as tall as the Washington Monument (555 feet, or 169 m tall), to illustrate the glacier's size.
"Part of the film shows what a 1 km ice sheet would have looked like on top of the [Dundee] Law, and I remember my mind being blown when Max first told me about that," Duncan said in a statement. "You hear numbers like that, but it's only when you see what that would have looked like in relation to something like the Law, which towers above the city, that you really start to conceive of just how massive this glacier was."
Related: In photos: The vanishing glaciers of Europe's Alps
Glaciers covered Dundee and most of the British Isles 20,000 years ago, toward the end of the last ice age (about 2.6 million to 11,700 years ago). As Earth warmed up again about 15,000 years ago, the glaciers retreated and carved out features in the landscape, such as the Dundee Law, according to the statement.
Van Wyk de Vries decided to find out more about Scotland's past when he visited his girlfriend in Dundee last March and was unable to travel back home to the U.S. due to a COVID-19 lockdown. The couple began exploring Dundee and the surrounding area for exercise. "That got me thinking about these lovely landscapes and how they were formed by the flowing ice," Van Wyk de Vries said.
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An extract from the video comparing the height of the glacier to modern-day Dundee.
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To find details about the glacier, he scanned scientific papers, local data and ice models. He also looked at satellite images of modern-day glaciers in Greenland. Van Wyk de Vries then received public engagement funding from the British Society for Geomorphology and teamed up with Duncan to visualize his work.
The 3-minute film uses animated visualization techniques, filmed footage and time-lapse video to bring the ancient glacier to life over Dundee. It was released on YouTube on Sept. 6 and is a part of the "Time and Tide" exhibition at The McManus: Dundee's Art Gallery and Museum until Oct. 3.
Originally published on Live Science.
Patrick Pester is the trending news writer at Live Science. His work has appeared on other science websites, such as BBC Science Focus and Scientific American. Patrick retrained as a journalist after spending his early career working in zoos and wildlife conservation. He was awarded the Master's Excellence Scholarship to study at Cardiff University where he completed a master's degree in international journalism. He also has a second master's degree in biodiversity, evolution and conservation in action from Middlesex University London. When he isn't writing news, Patrick investigates the sale of human remains.