Astonishing artifacts: A glimpse into how people lived in the past
Artifacts offer a window into the past, giving us information about people and cultures that existed centuries to millennia ago. From hoards of gold coins found hidden beneath floorboards to handmade pottery buried in caves, these intriguing objects are often the only physical evidence that remains. In some cases, the purpose or meaning of an artifact is lost to time, but its presence still reveals hints of what cultures valued or ritualized.
Each week, we showcase a different astonishing artifact that gives us new insight into how our ancestors lived.
Explore more amazing artifacts
—30 incredible treasures discovered in King Tut's tomb
—32 haunting shipwrecks from the ancient world
—32 stunning centuries-old hoards unearthed by metal detectorists
Latest about astonishing artifacts

Monomachos Crown: The 1,000-year-old crown honoring 'the one who fights alone' found by a farmer in a field
By Kristina Killgrove published
One of only three surviving Byzantine crowns, it depicts a man and two sisters who jointly ruled the empire in the 11th century.

Assyrian swimmers: 2,900-year-old carving of soldiers using inflatable goat skins to cross a river
By Kristina Killgrove published
A carved panel found at Nimrud depicts Assyrian soldiers swimming across a river and using inflatable goat skins as floaties.

Tarkhan Dress: World's oldest known outfit was worn to an ancient Egyptian funeral 5,000 years ago
By Kristina Killgrove published
The world's oldest known dress is a simple V-necked garment that was overlooked as rags for decades.

Sun Chariot: An ornate Bronze Age treasure that may have featured in an ancient Nordic religious ceremony
By Kristina Killgrove published
This gold-covered bronze object may depict a "divine" horse pulling the sun behind it.

Prosciutto di Portici: A portable sundial that looks like a pork leg — and it was likely owned by Julius Caesar's father-in-law before Mount Vesuvius erupted
By Kristina Killgrove published
This small bronze sundial was a portable way of telling time, but it may have made you hungry.

Ram in the Thicket: A 4,500-year-old gold statue from the royal cemetery at Ur
By Kristina Killgrove published
This statue covered in gold leaf and semiprecious stones may have been used in ancient Mesopotamian sunrise rituals.

Oseberg tapestry: Viking Age artwork from a boat burial that may depict the Norse tree of life
By Kristina Killgrove published
This tapestry also contains one of the only known depictions of a horned Viking helmet.

Hatnefer's heart scarab: An exquisite ancient Egyptian gold necklace inscribed with the Book of the Dead
By Kristina Killgrove published
A scarab beetle set in gold shows that ancient Egyptians thought the heart was the most important organ in the human body.
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