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Fire-flame vessel: An exquisitely crafted 4,500-year-old pot from a mysterious culture in JapanAstonishing Artifacts Archaeologists aren't sure why prehistoric people in Japan made these elaborate vessels decorated with flames.
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Berlin gold hat: A 3,000-year-old ceremonial headdress that a cult used to track the sun, moon and lunar eclipsesAstonishing Artifacts The pointy gold hat reveals evidence of a Bronze Age sun cult whose leader could predict eclipses.
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Rock crystal scraper: 45,000-year-old Neanderthal tool that shows they had an 'eye for beauty of form and color'Astonishing Artifacts A chance find of rare rock crystal tools a century ago paved the way for a better understanding of Neanderthals today.
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Relief fragment with vanquished enemies: A 3,400-year-old depiction of an Egyptian pharaoh crushing western Asian soldiers under his royal chariotAstonishing Artifacts This battle scene painted on stone was repurposed three centuries later to help build an Egyptian tomb.
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Mummy mask with wig: A 1,000-year-old 'false head' found in Peru that was crafted with real human hair and toxic red cinnabarAstonishing Artifacts Stylized masks like this one adorned pre-Inca mummies in Peru hundreds of years ago.
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Elamite helmet with divine figures: A warrior king's 3,500-year-old bronze armor depicting a raptor and gold-plated godsAstonishing Artifacts This bronze helmet has been decorated with ancient deities from a civilization that flourished before the Persian Empire took over the area that is now Iran.
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The Stargazer: A 5,000-year-old marble statuette of a Stone Age woman looking skywardAstonishing Artifacts Only a handful of these small, sleek, marble figurines carved by enigmatic Stone Age people are known to exist.
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Sleep and Death cista handle: A 2,400-year-old sculpture depicting gods carrying away Zeus' son during the Trojan WarAstonishing Artifacts A small, bronze sculpture depicting a death scene in the Trojan War once graced an Etruscan box.
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Hanging lamp in the form of a sandaled right foot: A 1,600-year-old bronze lamp with multilayered Christian symbolismAstonishing Artifacts This rare, foot-shaped oil lamp had multiple layers of meaning in early Christianity, including symbolizing enlightenment and Christian pilgrimage.
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