Air pollution exposure contributes to one in eight deaths around the globe, according to estimates released Tuesday (March 25) by the World Health Organization.
More than doubling previous estimates of air pollution-related deaths, the new report says air pollution killed 7 million people in 2012, making it the No. 1 environmental health risk.
Respiratory ailments have long been linked to air pollution, but dirty air also has more insidious effects on health.
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WHO officials say they've found a stronger link between both indoor and outdoor air pollution exposure and cardiovascular diseases; stroke and ischaemic heart disease accounted for a combined 80 percent of outdoor air pollution-caused deaths in 2012.
Air pollution isn't just a threat in major cities like Beijing, where thick layers of smog can sometimes be seen from space. Cooking over coal, wood and biomass stoves can create indoor air pollution, which was implicated in 4.3 million deaths in 2012, according to WHO data. This type of pollution disproportionately affects poor women and children. [In Photos: The World's Most Polluted Places]
"Poor women and children pay a heavy price from indoor air pollution since they spend more time at home breathing in smoke and soot from leaky coal and wood cook stoves," Dr. Flavia Bustreo, WHO assistant director-general for family, women and children’s health, said in a statement.
The countries hit hardest by air pollution were low-income and middle-income nations in Southeast Asia and the western Pacific region. In those places, a total of 3.3 million deaths were linked to indoor air pollution and 2.6 million deaths were linked to outdoor air pollution, according to the WHO.
"The risks from air pollution are now far greater than previously thought or understood, particularly for heart disease and strokes," Dr. Maria Neira, director of WHO's department for public health, environmental and social determinants of health. "Few risks have a greater impact on global health today than air pollution; the evidence signals the need for concerted action to clean up the air we all breathe."
The report drew from 2012 WHO mortality data and new estimates of air pollution exposure levels based on satellite data and ground-level monitoring measurements.
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