In Photos: A Bone from a Denisovan-Neanderthal Hybrid

By Tia Ghose, Associate Editor | August 22, 2018 12:40pm ET

A huge discovery

This bone fragment, called "Denisova 11," was found in 2012 at Denisova Cave in Russia by archaeologists. New DNA evidence reveals the bone originally came from a girl or woman who was the daughter of a Neandertal mother and a Denisovan father.

Remote cave

Here, a view of the Denisova Cave archaeological site in Russia, where the leg bone was found along with bones from Neanderthals and Denisovans.

Siberian locale

Another view of the valley from above the Denisova Cave archaeological site, Russia.

Hidden treasures

The valley in Siberia where the Denisova Cave archaeological site sits. It has yielded many new insights into some of our extinct, ancient human relatives.

Entering the site

View of the entrance to the Denisova Cave archaeological site, Russia.

Excavations continue

Researchers excavate the East Chamber of Denisova Cave, where the leg bone was found.

Unearthing bones

Here, researchers continue to excavate the East Chamber of Denisova Cave.

Layers of history

This stratigraphic profile of the East Chamber in Denisova Cave can reveal the ages of different archaeological finds.

Researchers unearth the past

Richard (Bert) Roberts, Vladimir Ulianov and Maxim Kozlikin (clockwise from top) excavate in the East Chamber of Denisova Cave. The cave was already known to contain Neanderthal and Denisovan bones, though not necessarily from the same period.

Clean room

Here, the clean laboratory at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, where the ancient DNA was analyzed. Researchers must be meticulous to avoid contaminating ancient DNA samples.

Isolating the genes

Researcher work in the clean laboratory at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.

Working with DNA

Evolutionary geneticist Matthias Meyer at work in the clean laboratory at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.

Analyzing the genome

Automated processes generate DNA libraries and isolate DNA.

Ancient humans

Svante Pääbo, lead author of the new study and director at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, stands with a replica of a Neanderthal skeleton.

Mingling populations

Drawing of a Neanderthal mother and a Denisovan father with their child, a girl, at Denisova Cave in Russia.

Author Bio

Tia Ghose, Associate Editor: Tia has been Live Science's associate editor since 2017. Prior to that, Tia was a senior writer for the site, covering physics, archaeology and all things strange. Tia's work has appeared in Scientific American, Wired.com, and the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Tia grew up in Texas and has an undergraduate degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Texas at Austin, a master's degree in bioengineering from the University of Washington and a graduate certificate in science writing from the University of California Santa Cruz. When she's not editing stories, Tia enjoys reading dystopian fiction and hiking.; Tia Ghose, Associate Editor on

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