You're stranded on a desert island. There's no low-hanging fruit, no slow-swimming fish. As it turns out, you don't suddenly know how to fashion a spear and pierce it through the heart of a wild animal. You're getting hungrier by the hour.
Most of us have wondered what we would do in such a situation. We've heard stories about people surviving off of such unappealing fare as shoe leather, insect larvae, and even human flesh . From the comfort of our own homes, with the well-stocked fridge not far away, such desperation is hard to imagine. But when you are truly starving, do you develop an appetite for less-civilized food?
"Yes," said Remco Havermans, a psychologist who studies appetite at Maastricht University in The Netherlands. Research shows that people's standards for what they are willing to eat lower significantly after just a few hours, he said. "When hungry, you will thus probably eat anything as long it is caloric and as long it is recognized as something edible."
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In a recent study by researchers at the University of Wurzburg in Germany, study participants were given a choice between food they didn't like, but which, if chosen, they could eat immediately, and food they liked, but which would only become available in 90 minutes. "When food-deprived for 15 hours, participants went for immediate satiation and chose the larger immediately available portion even if that meant choosing the [less-preferred] food," Havermans told Life's Little Mysteries.
After 15 hours, your blood glucose level has dipped significantly, he explained. Somehow this must induce changes in the brain that lead you to desire a wider variety of food than normal. No one knows quite how this happens, though. "Unfortunately an extreme starvation [research study] is ethically not allowed. Therefore we will probably never know the exact underlying neural correlates," said Nicolette Siep, another psychologist at Maastricht University who studies the neuroscience of hunger and addiction.
Though the brain chemistry of starvation has never been probed scientifically, our brains must undergo changes when we're starving, the researchers said, because otherwise it would be impossible for people in extreme situations to eat disgusting things that their normal brains would never recommend. [What's the Most Disgusting Thing in the World? ]
Bugging out
If you do someday find yourself in a life-or-death situation, creepy crawlies may be your best option, according to Daniella Martin, insect chef and blogger at "Girl Meets Bug." First, bugs are an excellent source of protein (though their small size means you have to eat hundreds to get your recommended daily intake). Better still, Martin said, many of them are delicious even under non-starvation conditions especially when they are cooked.
"A cooked bug is quite different from a raw, live one. This is a distinction not often emphasized on sensationalist shows like 'Fear Factor' and 'Man vs. Wild'," she said. "In my experience, people react very well to edible insects when I [cook] them. Ninety-nine percent of their reactions are of pleasant surprise."
Of course, another uncertainty is whether you'll really be able to rub two sticks together to start a fire.
Follow Natalie Wolchover on Twitter @nattyover. Follow Life's Little Mysteries on Twitter @llmysteries, then join us on Facebook.
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