Moon Crosses Earth's Face in Amazing Million-Mile Video

The moon crosses Earth's face in a spectacular new video captured by a spacecraft watching from a million miles away.

The Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) studies the solar wind and snaps vivid shots of Earth's surface from its position about 1 million miles (1.6 million kilometers) from the planet. Recently, the moon entered DSCOVR's field of view, and the spacecraft caught the amazing lunar transit on time-lapse video.

"It's surprising how much brighter Earth is than the moon," Adam Szabo, DSCOVR project scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, said in a statement. "Our planet is a truly brilliant object in dark space compared to the lunar surface." [DSCOVR: The Deep Space Climate Observatory Mission in Photos]

The moon is tidally locked to Earth, so it always keeps the same face pointing at the planet. Because DSCOVR observes from a spot between the moon and the sun, the spacecraft's images show the moon's unfamiliar far side.

The far side — sometimes called the "dark side," which is misleading because it receives just as much sunlight as the near side — is impossible to see from Earth. The Soviet Union's Luna 3 spacecraft exposed its contours for the first time in 1959.

The moon's far side is very different from its well-known front face. Instead of the "Man in the Moon," whose dark patches formed when craters created by cosmic collisions filled with lava, the far side is all mountains and craters without the dark, flat plains.

These differences probably exist because the far side's crust is about twice as thick as that on the near side, researchers say. (Heat radiating from the still-scorching Earth shortly after the moon's formation apparently kept the lunar near side molten much longer than the far side; elements therefore condensed out of the moon's wispy atmosphere more readily on the cooler far side.)

NASA's Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) snapped the photos that make up the new time-lapse video over a 5-hour span on July 16. Each image combines three single-color snapshots. That origin can be spotted in the photos, which show a faint green outline on the right side of the moon's disk due to the system's movement during the photographing process, NASA officials said.

Starting next month, NASA will post daily color images of Earth from EPIC depicting different views of Earth's rotation. The DSCOVR mission itself is a collaboration among NASA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the U.S. Air Force, and its primary goal is to monitor the solar wind.

Email Sarah Lewin at slewin@space.com or follow her @SarahExplains. Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebook and Google+. Original article on Space.com.