Images: 'Lost' New England Archaeology Sites Revealed in LiDAR Photos

Stone Walls Come into View

lidar airborne scans of archaeological sites in new england towns.

(Image credit: Katharine Johnson and William Ouimet, Journal of Archaeological Science)

Examinations of airborne scans, using light detection and ranging (LiDAR), of three New England towns have revealed networks of old stone walls, building foundations, old roads, dams and other features, many of which long were forgotten. Here, stone walls are yellow, abandoned roads are red, and building foundations are outlined by green squares.

Shady Landscape

The images here show leaf-off (left) and leaf-on (right) aerial photographs with a modern road superimposed through the northeast corner of the image for reference

(Image credit: Katharine Johnson and William Ouimet, Journal of Archaeological Science)

These stone walls and other archaeological features could not be seen with traditional aerial photographs shown here. This figure illustrates the advantage of LiDAR data with a point spacing of 1 meter or better over traditional map views of the landscape for archaeological purposes. The images here show leaf-off (left) and leaf-on (right) aerial photographs with a modern road superimposed through the northeast corner of the image for reference (National Agricultural Imagery Program, 2012).

a LiDAR image of a dam and walls in Ashford, Conn., that were once part of a mill complex.

(Image credit: Katharine Johnson and William Ouimet, Journal of Archaeological Science)

In addition to building foundations, LiDAR allows scientists to see other archaeological features such as dams, mills, stone walls and old roads. Here, a dam and walls in Ashford, Conn., that were once part of a mill complex.

Sawmill

This race for an 18th-century sawmill in Tiverton, R.I., shows up in the LiDAR image (right).

(Image credit: Katharine Johnson and William Ouimet, Journal of Archaeological Science)

This race for an 18th-century sawmill in Tiverton, R.I., shows up in the LiDAR image (right).

Stone Walls

Here, a stone wall showing different initial construction heights, with the LiDAR image on the right.

(Image credit: Katharine Johnson and William Ouimet, Journal of Archaeological Science)

Here, a stone wall showing different initial construction heights, with the LiDAR image on the right.

Preservation Stage

Here, a stone wall at various stages of preservation, with the LiDAR image on the right.

(Image credit: Katharine Johnson and William Ouimet, Journal of Archaeological Science)

Here, a stone wall at various stages of preservation, with the LiDAR image on the right.

Power of LiDAR

this 1934 aerial photograph taken of an area in Preston, Conn., shows a farmstead -- cleared fields, forest, stone walls or fences, a house, a barn and other outbuildings, and a road running through the farm.

(Image credit: UConn Libraries Map and Geographic Information Center (MAGIC) and Connecticut State Library)

"LiDAR is not only a powerful tool on its own; it can also be used in conjunction with the many types of historical documents available to those performing research in this geographic area," Johnson and Ouimet write in the Journal of Archaeological Science. As an example, this 1934 aerial photograph taken of an area in Preston, Conn., shows a farmstead -- cleared fields, forest, stone walls or fences, a house, a barn and other outbuildings, and a road running through the farm. Check out the next slide with the 2012 aerial image.

Hidden from View

Here, an aerial photograph of the area from 2012 shows the farmstead has been completely abandoned and overgrown by forest. Check out the next slide showing the LiDAR image taken of this overgrown forest.

(Image credit: Connecticut Environmental Conditions Online (CTECO))

Here, an aerial photograph of the area from 2012 shows the farmstead has been completely abandoned and overgrown by forest. Check out the next slide showing the LiDAR image taken of this overgrown forest.

Farm Abandonment

In a LiDAR image of the long-lost farmstead in Preston, Conn., reveals features such as building foundations, stone walls and an old road.

(Image credit: 2010 USDA NRCS)

In a LiDAR image of the long-lost farmstead in Preston, Conn., reveals features such as building foundations, stone walls and an old road. "Ongoing research suggests preliminarily that individual abandoned fields might impact the modern vegetation patterns. This is just one example of farm abandonment, a process that took place on a much smaller scale in Ashford, where entire portions of the town that were once cleared are now completely forested," Johnson and Ouimet write in the Journal of Archaeological Science.

Jeanna Bryner
Live Science Editor-in-Chief

Jeanna served as editor-in-chief of Live Science. Previously, she was an assistant editor at Scholastic's Science World magazine. Jeanna has an English degree from Salisbury University, a master's degree in biogeochemistry and environmental sciences from the University of Maryland, and a graduate science journalism degree from New York University. She has worked as a biologist in Florida, where she monitored wetlands and did field surveys for endangered species. She also received an ocean sciences journalism fellowship from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.