Why Leaves Turn Red

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Fall leaves. (Image credit: stock.xchng)

Scientists have long wondered if the red color of fall leaves was more than just a sign of death. The process of turning leaves to brilliant colors requires energy, but doesn't seem to benefit the trees.

Some have suggested that fall colors act as sunscreen and keep trees from freezing. In 2001, British evolutionary biologist William Hamilton suggested the color might ward off bugs that would otherwise feast on the tree.

Researchers found red fall leaves are prevalent among wild apple trees in China. But cultivated versions of those trees in Britain today aren't near as likely to turn red because "farmers crossbred the trees with the largest, tastiest fruit, rather than selecting the ones most resistant to insect pests," the thinking goes.

Seems the red, as elsewhere in nature, acts as a useful red flag.

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Live Science Staff
Live Science Staff
For the science geek in everyone, Live Science offers a fascinating window into the natural and technological world, delivering comprehensive and compelling news and analysis on everything from dinosaur discoveries, archaeological finds and amazing animals to health, innovation and wearable technology. We aim to empower and inspire our readers with the tools needed to understand the world and appreciate its everyday awe.