The Culture of Weight Gain

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You parents might be to blame for your weight gain problems. We're not taking about genes, though. In my case, it's all the delicious food my Italian mom makes for me. I gained several pounds over the holidays, and the fault lies entirely with her, not my weak will.

Most of us, when we go back home, likely have the opposite experience as Naomi Moriyama, author of "Japanese Women Don't Get Old or Fat: Secrets of My Mother's Tokyo Kitchen." Moriyama says she gained 20 pounds in just a few months after moving to the United States for college and lost the weight when she returned to Japan.

Her mother's Japanese cooking erased the abuse she endured on American cuisine. The book is an unintended eye-opener to the relationship between genes and culture.

What's in a name

The book title is enough to get anyone's "bad medicine" senses tingling. This is clearly a rip on "The French Diet: Why French Women Don't Get Fat," by Michel Montignac, which itself was a rip on "French Women Don't Get Fat: The Secret of Eating For Pleasure," by Mireille Guiliano, apparently built on the style of "The Colon Mark: Why Does Every Book Title Need One?"

The problem with the French books is that French women do get fat. More than 43 percent are overweight and more than 11 percent are obese, according to the International Obesity Task Force. While this is better than the United States, where one-third of women are obese, the authors are tapping into the myth of the slim and fashionable French woman.

Such trite book titles are usually blatantly false. "Sharks Don't Get Cancer: How Shark Cartilage Could Save Your Life" by William Lane comes to mind. This little packet of false hope caused many a cancer patient to shell out hard-earned money on shark cartilage pills, which dissolve in stomach acid and do nothing to cure cancer.

But there's a good amount of truth in Moriyama's title. The female obesity rate in Japan is about 3 percent, according to the World Health Organization, the lowest by far among developed nations except for South Korea, which has a similar rate. The female life expectancy in Japan is 85 years, five years longer than most developed nations. Japan in fact has the highest number of centenarians, 14 per 10,000.

The diet and culture, more than genetics, might have something to do with this, because Japanese women (and men) often get fat after living in the United States for a few months. And Japanese who immigrate to America have the same rates of cancer and heart disease as other Americans after a generation or two.

The Philly diet

With no respect for copyright in the publishing world these days, I suggest the book title, "The Philly Diet: Why Italian-American Men Do Get Fat." I gained weight because my lifestyle was greatly altered. For a week I ate hardly any vegetables and instead filled myself up on meatball and sausage sandwiches at home and cheesesteaks and pork sandwiches on the street.

Worse, I brought leftovers back to Washington with me. My mom forced unopened bottles of soda on me, too, because she had no use for them. Each glass was 100 or 200 empty calories—calories I never would have consumed had I kept to green tea. The calories have to go somewhere.

I, too, have a Japanese connection: my wife. And as a result of her cultural influence, I am now avoiding the kind of weight gain afflicting my Philly brethren. And I'm greatly reducing my risk of heart disease, which took my father and grandfather at very early ages. I'm using lifestyle to trump genetics.

The Japanese diet

Moriyama's book is a fine introduction to Japanese cooking, although it would make any Japanophile snicker. Cosmopolitan Tokyo, her home city, is unlike the rest of Japan and has arguably the worst food in the country. The book title is akin to reminiscing about your mother's traditional Manhattan cooking.

But Moriyama does relay the basics on making low-fat and healthy meals with the introduction of only a couple exotic foods now available in many Western stores: daikon (big, white radish), bonito flakes (dried, shaved fish) and seaweed. One key element is the preparation of many small dishes with each meal. The variety packs a nutritional punch and helps limit the amount you eat.

This leads to the Japanese phrase "hara hachibun me," or "eat until you're 80 percent full." Unfortunately in Philly, I ate until I was 180 percent full.

Christopher Wanjek is the author of the books “Bad Medicine” and “Food At Work.” Got a question about Bad Medicine? Email Wanjek. If it’s really bad, he just might answer it in a future column. Bad Medicine appears each Tuesday on LIveScience.

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